Zvidhinha zveSilica Refractory: Mashandisirwo Akakosha Mumaindasitiri Ekusimudzira Kupisa Kwakanyanya

Mumabasa emaindasitiri anovimba nekupisa kwakanyanya—kubva pagirazi rinonyungudutsa kusvika kusimbi inonyungudutsa—kusarudza chinhu chakakodzera chinogona kudzima mashandiro, kuchengetedzeka, uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemari.Zvidhinha zveSilica RefractoryZvidhinha izvi zvinoonekwa senzira yepamusoro yekudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya (kusvika 1750°C), kuwedzera kupisa kwakaderera, uye kuramba kwakasimba kwekukukurwa kweasidhi. Asi zvidhinha izvi zvinogara kwenguva refu zvinopa kupi kukosha kwakanyanya? Ngationgororei mashandisirwo azvo akakosha mumaindasitiri makuru, uye kuti nei zviri mhinduro inofarirwa nemainjiniya nevatungamiriri vemafekitori pasi rese.​

Chii Chinoita Kuti Zvidhinha zveSilica Refractory Zvive Zvakanaka Pakushandisa Zvishandiso Zvinopisa Zvikuru?

Usati watanga kushandisa zvidhinha izvi, zvakakosha kunzwisisa hunhu hunoita kuti zvidhinha zvinoramba kushandiswa ne silica zvive zvakakosha. Kusiyana nezvimwe zvinhu zvinoramba kushandiswa (zvakaita sevhu remoto kana zvidhinha zve alumina), zvidhinha zve silica zvinoumbwa ne crystalline silica, iyo inoita kuti zvive:

Kudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya:Dzinochengetedza chimiro chadzo kunyangwe pakupisa kuri pamusoro pe1700°C, zvichiita kuti dzikwanise kushandiswa nguva dzose pakupisa kwakanyanya.

Kuwedzera kwekupisa kushoma:Izvi zvinoderedza kutsemuka nekukanganisika kana zvikaonekwa nekuchinja kwekushisa nekukurumidza (dambudziko rinowanzoitika mumaovheni emaindasitiri).

Kuramba kukurwa kweasidhi:Dzinotsungirira zvakanaka magasi ane acidic uye slags, izvo zvinodiwa kumaindasitiri akadai sekugadzira coke uye kugadzira magirazi.

Hupenyu hwebasa refu:Kugara kwenguva refu kwavo kunoderedza kudiwa kwekuchinjana nguva nenguva, zvichideredza mari yekugadzirisa uye nguva yekuzorora.

Zvinhu izvi zvinoita kuti zvidhinha zvemaindasitiri zve silica refractory zvive mhinduro inoshanda kune mamwe matunhu anoda kuvimbika mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma.

Mashandisirwo Akakosha Ezvidhinha Zvisina Kugadziriswa zveSilica Nemaindasitiri​

Zvidhinha zvesilica zvinoramba kushanda hazvisi zvinhu "zvinokodzera zvese"—mabhenefiti azvo akasiyana anoenderana nezvinodiwa zveindasitiri. Heano mamwe mativi azvinoita basa rakakosha, pamwe chete nemagadzirisiro azvinoita matambudziko makuru.​

1. Maovheni eCoke: Mutsipa weKugadzirwa kweSimbi​

Maovheni eCoke akakosha pakushandura marasha kuita coke (chinhu chakakosha pakugadzira simbi), uye anoshanda patembiricha iri pakati pe1100°C ne1300°C kwenguva yakareba. Zvidhinha zveSilica zvinoramba kushandiswa pamaovheni eCoke ndiwo mwero wepamusoro pano nekuda kwezvikonzero zviviri zvikuru:

Dzinodzivirira magasi ane acidic (senge carbon monoxide ne sulfur dioxide) anoburitswa panguva yekushandiswa kwe carbonization yemarasha, zvichidzivirira kuputsika kwezvidhinha uye kubuda kwegasi.

Kukura kwavo kushoma kunoita kuti jira reovheni rirambe rakasimba panguva yekupisa nekutonhodza kwezuva nezuva, zvichidzivirira kuputika kunodhura kunogona kumisa kugadzirwa.

Vatariri vemafekitori vanovimba nezvidhinha zvesilica zvinopisa zvakanyanya mumakamuri eovheni yecoke nemaflue, sezvo kunyangwe kukuvara kudiki kwemadziro emadziro kunogona kutungamira kumavhiki ekushanda kwenguva refu - zvichirasikirwa nemamiriyoni emagetsi.

2. Magirazi Anonyungudutsa: Kuve nechokwadi chekuti Girazi Rakachena, Rinogara Richienderana​

Kugadzirwa kwegirazi kunoda kunyungudutsa zvinhu (jecha, soda ash, limestone) patembiricha inosvika 1600°C, uye jira rechoto harifanirwe kusangana negirazi rakanyunguduka (izvo zvinosvibisa chigadzirwa chekupedzisira). Zvidhinha zvesilica zvezvitofu zvekunyungudutsa girazi zvakanaka nekuti:

Kusashanda kwavo zvakanaka kunodzivirira kusangana kwemakemikari negirazi rakanyungudutswa, zvichiita kuti girazi rirambe rakachena uye risina tsvina.

Dzinotsungirira kugara dzichipisa zvakanyanya uye kuyerera kwemagirazi akanyunguduka, zvichideredza kupfeka kwemachira uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwechoto.

Kazhinji dzinoshandiswa mu "superstructure" yemagirazi emoto (zvikamu zvepamusoro pamusoro pegirazi rakanyungudutswa), uko tembiricha dziri pamusoro uye utsi hweasidhi ndihwo hwakanyanya kusimba.

Kune vagadziri vemagirazi, kushandisa zvidhinha zvesilica zvinoramba acid zvinoreva kuti zvigadzirwa zvinoderedza zvikanganiso uye nguva yakareba yekushanda muchoto—zvakakosha kuti zvizadzise nguva dzakaoma dzekugadzira.​

3. Makicheni eSimbi: Kubata Kupisa Kwakanyanya uye Tsvina​

Kugadzirwa kwesimbi kunosanganisira maitiro akawanda anopisa zvakanyanya, anosanganisira ma "blast furnaces", ma "electrical arc furnaces" (EAFs), uye ma "ladle furnaces". Zvidhinha zve "silica refractory" zvema "steel kilns" zvinobudirira munzvimbo idzi nekuti:

Dzinoramba kushanda kwesimbi yakanyungudutswa uye slag, izvo zvinogona kukurumidza kupera simba risingagari kwenguva refu.

Kukwanisa kwavo kupisa kwakanyanya kunobatsira kuchengetedza tembiricha dzakafanana muchoto, zvichivandudza kunaka kwesimbi uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba.

Kazhinji dzinoshandiswa mu "moto" (pasi) uye "mativi" eEAFs, uko tembiricha inosvika 1700°C uye kushushikana kwemuchina kwakakwira.

Zvigayo zvesimbi zvinoshandisa zvidhinha zvesilica zvinogara kwenguva refu zvinoshuma kuti mari yekugadzirisa yakaderera uye kuvharwa kusina kurongwa kwakawanda—zvakanakira zvikuru muindasitiri ine makwikwi makuru.​

4. Mamwe Mashandisirwo Emaindasitiri​

Kupfuura coke, girazi, uye simbi, zvidhinha zvemoto zvesilica zvinoshandiswa mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzekupisa kwepamusoro, kusanganisira:

Zvitofu zveCeramic:Vanopa jira rakagadzikana rekushandisa ceramics pakupisa kusvika ku1600°C.

Zvinoita zvemakemikari:Kusasimba kweasidhi yavo kunoita kuti ikodzere ma reactors anobata maitiro eacidic (semuenzaniso, kugadzirwa kwesulfuric acid).

Zvinhu zvinopisa marara:Dzinotsungirira kupisa kwakanyanya uye magasi anoparadza anokonzerwa nekupiswa kwemarara.