Kana zvasvika kunzvimbo dzinopisa zvakanyanya—kubva kumaovheni emaindasitiri kusvika kunzvimbo dzemoto dzekugara—chimwe chinhu chinonyanya kukosha pakusimbisa chivakwa:dhaka rinodzivirira ivhuYakagadzirwa kuti itsungirire kupisa kwakanyanya, kukurwa kwemakemikari, uye kupisa kwakanyanya, dhaka iri rakagadzirwa zvakanaka harisi kungova "glue" yezvidhinha zvinoramba kurira. Chinhu chakakosha chinoita kuti pave nekuchengetedzeka, kushanda zvakanaka, uye kugara kwenguva refu mukushandiswa uko dhaka dzakajairika dzingaparara. Kunyangwe uri mukugadzira, kuvaka, kana kugadzira imba yako wega, kunzwisisa mashandisirwo uye mabhenefiti edhaka rinoramba kurira rinogona kushandura mapurojekiti ako ekupisa kwakanyanya.
Chekutanga uye chakakosha, maovheni emaindasitiri nemaovheni ndiyo nzvimbo huru yekutambira dhaka revhu rinonyungudika. Mumafekitori esimbi, mafekitori egirazi, mafekitori esimende, uye nzvimbo dzekugadzira ceramic, maovheni anoshanda patembiricha inodarika 1,000°C (1,832°F) kwemaawa kana kunyange mazuva akawanda. Dhaka rePortland cement rinonyungudika kana kuora zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera kutadza kwechimiro, kubuda kwemvura, uye nguva inodhura yekuzorora. Dhaka revhu rinonyungudika, zvisinei, rakagadzirwa nevhu rakachena kwazvo, silica, nezvimwe zvinhu zvinonyungudika zvinochengetedza simba razvo uye chimiro patembiricha idzi dzakanyanya. Rinovhara mipata iri pakati pezvidhinha zvinonyungudika, richidzivirira kurasikirwa nekupisa kunogona kuderedza kushanda kwesimba kusvika ku30%. Kune vanoshanda mumaindasitiri, izvi zvinoreva kudzikisa mabhiri esimba, kudzikisa kukanganiswa kwekugadzirisa, uye kutevedzera mitemo yakasimba yekuchengetedza.
Kunze kwemaindasitiri akawanda, dhaka resimbi rinodzivisa kudziya ndiro chinhu chikuru mumaindasitiri ekudziyisa emabhizimisi nedzimba. Nzvimbo dzemoto, zvitofu zvinopisa huni, uye zvimbi zvechimney zvinovimba naro kuti zvigadzire chipingamupinyi chakachengeteka, chisingapise kupisa. Fungidzira uchibatidza moto unodziya muimba yako yekutandarira asi dhaka richibata zvidhinha zvemoto wako pamwe chete richipwanya uye richiburitsa utsi hune chepfu—iyi ndiyo njodzi yekushandisa dhaka risingarambi. Dhaka resimbi rinodzivisa kudziya kwete chete rinotsungirira kudzokororwa kwekudziyisa nekutonhodza kwedzimba dzemoto asiwo rinodzivirira kuparadzwa kwezvinhu zvinobva muhuni dzinopisa kana marasha. Zviri nyore kusanganisa nekushandisa, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yepamusoro kune vanogadzira dzimba vane hunyanzvi uye vanofarira zvinhu zvavo. Varidzi vedzimba vanoisa mari mudhaka idzva remoto kana kugadzirisa rekare vachaona kuti kushandisa dhaka resimbi rinodzivisa kudziya kunoita kuti kudziyisa kwavo kugare kwemakumi emakore pasina kukanganisa kuchengetedzeka.
Imwe nzira huru yekushandisa petrochemical uye metallurgical. Nzvimbo dzekuchenesa, simbi dzinonyungudutsa, uye simbi dzinoshanda kwete chete nekupisa kwakanyanya asiwo nemakemikari anokasharara - acids, alkalis, uye simbi dzakanyunguduka dzinogona kuparadza simbi dzekare. Kusashanda kwemakemikari esimbi yevhu rinoita kuti ive yakakodzera midziyo ye lining reaction, crucibles, uye masisitimu e exhaust. Inogadzira chisimbiso chakasimba chinodzivirira kubuda kwezvinhu zvine njodzi, ichidzivirira vashandi nenharaunda. Mukunyungudutsa kwealuminium, semuenzaniso, simbi yevhu inoshandiswa kubatanidza masero emagetsi, uko inodzivirira ngura kubva kualuminium yakanyungudutswa uye fluoride salts. Kuvimbika uku ndiko kusaka iri sarudzo inosarudzwa mumaindasitiri uko kunyangwe kutadza kudiki kunogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa.
Dura resimbi rinoita basa guru mumaovheni epizza nemakicheni ekutengeserana. Maovheni epizza anopiswa nehuni anoshanda patembiricha iri pakati pe400°C ne500°C (752°F ne932°F), zvichida dura rinogona kubatira kupisa kwakanyanya risingatsemuke kana kurasikirwa nekunamatira. Vabiki vepizza vane hunyanzvi nevabiki vekumba vanovimba nedura resimbi rinoita kuti vagadzire uye vagadzirise maovheni aya, sezvo richivimbisa kupararira kwekupisa nguva dzose uye rinodzivirira utsi kana kupisa kuti kusabude. Mumakicheni ekutengeserana, rinoshandiswa kuisa magrill, marotisseries, nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa kupisa zvakanyanya, zvichichengetedza hutsanana nekudzivirira kuti zvimedu zvekudya zvisabatwe mudura rakatsemuka.
Chii chinosiyanisa dhaka resimbi rinodzivisa ivhu nezvimwe zvinhu zvinodzivisa ivhu? Kushanda kwaro kwakasiyana-siyana uye kushanda kwaro mumutengo. Kusiyana nedhaka resimbi rine alumina yakawanda kana silica, rakagadzirirwa tembiricha yakakwira asi rinouya nemutengo wakakwira, dhaka resimbi rinogadzirisa mashandiro aro uye mutengo waro wekushandisa patembiricha yakakwira. Rinowanikwa muchimiro cheupfu, rinogona kusanganiswa nemvura panzvimbo yacho zvichienderana nekusimba kwaro, zvichideredza mari yekurasa marara nekutakura. Pamusoro pezvo, rinogona kushanda zvakanaka—vavezi vematombo vanogona kuriumba nekurigadzirisa zviri nyore, vachivimbisa kubatana kwakasimba pakati pezvidhinha.
Kusarudza dhaka revhu rakakodzera kwakakosha kuti chirongwa chako chibudirire. Tsvaga zvigadzirwa zvinosangana nezvinodiwa neindasitiri, zvakaita seASTM C199, iyo inotsanangura zvinodiwa nedhaka revhu rinodzima. Funga nezvekupisa kwakanyanya kwekushandisa kwako, sezvo mamwe dhaka revhu rakagadzirwa kuti ripise zvakanyanya kupfuura mamwe. Kune mapurojekiti emaindasitiri, sarudza dhaka rine zvimwe zvinowedzera zvinowedzera kudzivirira kupisa uye kugadzikana kwemakemikari. Pakushandisa pamba, dhaka revhu rinodzima rakajairika rinokwana nzvimbo zhinji dzemoto nezvitofu.
Mukupedzisa, dhaka rinodzivisa ivhu chinhu chakakosha mukushandiswa kwese kunosanganisira tembiricha yakakwira. Kubva kumaovheni emaindasitiri kusvika kumafireplaces epamba, rinopa simba, kudzivirira kupisa, uye kugara kwenguva refu zvinodiwa kuchengetedza zvivakwa zvakachengeteka uye zvinobudirira. Mashandisirwo aro akasiyana-siyana, kushanda zvakanaka kwemari, uye nyore kushandisa zvinoita kuti rive sarudzo yepamusoro kune nyanzvi nevanogadzira zvinhu zvavo mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana. Kana uri kuronga chirongwa chekupisa kwakanyanya, usagutsikane nedhaka rakajairika—isa mari mudhaka rinodzivisa ivhu uye iva nechokwadi chekuti basa rako rinogara kwenguva refu.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-01-2025
